Ellen Moyo, 12, says without hesitation that she wants to be an astronaut. But it’s probably not going to happen, for a number of reasons. While her maths marks might improve – at the moment, she’s getting middling results – the model C primary school she attends in Roodepoort, also doesn’t teach coding, although there are classes instructing pupils on how to use a computer.

“I’ll need maths and natural science to survive in space,” Moyo says.